Detection: Windows PowerShell Module File Created

Updated Date: 2026-04-13 ID: ef018634-8999-4854-9344-bde9593468e7 Author: Raven Tait, Splunk Type: Anomaly Product: Splunk Enterprise Security

Description

Detects the creation of a DLL within the various PowerShell module directories. This can indicate a new module being installed, attempts at ScriptBlock smuggling, or other malicious PowerShell activity utilizing modules. False positives could include installation of legitimate modules.

Search

 1
 2| tstats `security_content_summariesonly`
 3  count min(_time) as firstTime
 4        max(_time) as lastTime
 5
 6from datamodel=Endpoint.Filesystem where
 7
 8Filesystem.action="created"
 9Filesystem.file_path="*\\WindowsPowerShell\\Modules\\*.dll"
10Filesystem.file_name="*.dll"
11
12by Filesystem.dest Filesystem.file_create_time Filesystem.process_path
13   Filesystem.process_guid Filesystem.process_id Filesystem.file_path Filesystem.file_name
14   Filesystem.user Filesystem.vendor_product Filesystem.action
15
16
17| `drop_dm_object_name(Filesystem)`
18
19| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)`
20
21| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)`
22
23| `windows_powershell_module_file_created_filter`

Data Source

Name	Platform	Sourcetype	Source
Sysmon EventID 11	Windows	`'XmlWinEventLog'`	`'XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational'`

Macros Used

Name	Value
security_content_ctime	`convert timeformat="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S" ctime($field$)`
windows_powershell_module_file_created_filter	`search *`

windows_powershell_module_file_created_filter is an empty macro by default. It allows the user to filter out any results (false positives) without editing the SPL.

Annotations

- MITRE ATT&CK

+ Kill Chain Phases

+ NIST

+ CIS

- Threat Actors

ID	Technique	Tactic
T1129	Shared Modules	Execution
T1059.001	PowerShell	Execution
T1574	Hijack Execution Flow	Execution

Exploitation

Installation

DE.AE

CIS 10

Default Configuration

This detection is configured by default in Splunk Enterprise Security to run with the following settings:

Setting	Value
Disabled	true
Cron Schedule	`0 * * * *`
Earliest Time	`-70m@m`
Latest Time	`-10m@m`
Schedule Window	`auto`
Creates Risk Event	True

This configuration file applies to all detections of type anomaly. These detections will use Risk Based Alerting.

Implementation

The detection is based on data that originates from Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) agents. These agents are designed to provide security-related telemetry from the endpoints where the agent is installed. To implement this search, you must ingest logs that contain the process GUID, process name, and parent process. Additionally, you must ingest complete command-line executions. These logs must be processed using the appropriate Splunk Technology Add-ons that are specific to the EDR product. The logs must also be mapped to the Processes node of the Endpoint data model. Use the Splunk Common Information Model (CIM) to normalize the field names and speed up the data modeling process.

Known False Positives

Legitimate installation of approved PowerShell modules may trigger this detection. Verify module sources to reduce false positives.

Associated Analytic Story

Risk Based Analytics (RBA)

Risk Message:

PowerShell module DLL created at $file_path$ on $dest$.

Risk Object	Risk Object Type	Risk Score	Threat Objects
dest	system	20	file_path

References

Detection Testing

Test Type	Status	Dataset	Source	Sourcetype
Validation	✅ Passing	N/A	N/A	N/A
Unit	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`
Integration	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`

Replay any dataset to Splunk Enterprise by using our replay.py tool or the UI. Alternatively you can replay a dataset into a Splunk Attack Range

Source: GitHub | Version: 1